GAP Report for 6/29/26
QUESTIONABLE
Building on Buncombe County’s Commitment to Preventing Displacement (new)
Last week, Buncombe County responded to GAP’s earlier report, explaining that it already has a number of policies and programs intended to reduce displacement. We agree that the County has taken important steps to expand affordable housing and support vulnerable residents. This special report <link> argues that the next step is to combine these efforts into a coordinated anti-displacement analysis framework—one that helps identify risks before they occur, monitors neighborhood impacts over time, and matches the level of response to the level of risk. Rather than opposing growth or development, the framework is designed to help ensure that public investments strengthen communities without displacing the people who already call them home.
REPORT BACKS
Public land should create the greatest possible public benefit
City Council approved the Oak Hill affordable homeownership proposal while directing staff to continue exploring ways to reach households with even lower incomes.
Asheville should support both affordable housing construction and home repair
City Council approved the amended CDBG-DR funding plan (with the transfer of $19.2 million from building new affordable housing and infrastructure to rehabilitation/reconstruction of existing housing) with a 6-1 vote, with Council Member Hess casting the lone dissenting vote.
The City’s anti-displacement work is beginning to take shape
The Asheville City Council received the first presentation on staff’s emerging anti-displacement analysis framework at their Policy, Infrastructure, and Environment Committee meeting on June 23rd, 2026. The discussion focused primarily on how to develop the tool, with broad support for continuing the work.
The City is taking time to understand data center impacts before moving forward
The Asheville City Council received the first presentation on staff’s emerging anti-displacement analysis framework at their Policy, Infrastructure, and Environment Committee meeting on June 23rd, 2026. The discussion focused primarily on how to develop the tool, with broad support for continuing the work.
Additional housing on vacant land can be part of the solution
City Council unanimously approved the Deaverview Road rezoning, allowing somewhat higher-density housing on a vacant parcel consistent with the City’s comprehensive plan.
Active Issue Reports
Building on Buncombe County’s Commitment to Preventing Displacement
QUESTIONABLE
Executive Summary
For more than six months, the Government Accountability Project of Asheville (GAPavl) has encouraged Buncombe County to strengthen its approach to preventing displacement by developing a comprehensive anti-displacement analysis framework. Throughout that time, we have recognized that County leaders view displacement as an important challenge and have invested in affordable housing, disaster recovery, home repair, and other initiatives intended to help residents remain in their communities.
Two weeks ago, County Commission Chair Amanda Edwards and Commissioner Terri Wells responded to our recommendations by encouraging us to revisit the County’s 2043 Comprehensive Plan, the June 16 Growth Impact Strategies presentation by Planning Director Nathan Pennington, the Helene Recovery and Strategic Plans, and the Swannanoa Small Area Plan.
We appreciated that invitation and reviewed each of these carefully.
Our review deepened our understanding of how Buncombe County approaches displacement. The County sees many of its planning, housing, recovery, and community development efforts as part of a broader, coordinated approach grounded in the Comprehensive Plan rather than as isolated programs or initiatives.
That deeper understanding also clarified where GAPavl’s perspective differs from the County’s. It is not about whether displacement matters or whether the County is taking meaningful action. Rather, it is about how the County’s existing planning and analytical tools should continue evolving to better support implementation decisions, evaluate displacement impacts, and learn from outcomes over time.
Throughout this report, we use the phrase anti-displacement analysis framework to describe a practical system that helps governments.
We are not recommending another housing program or another comprehensive plan. We are recommending a way to strengthen how the County implements the plans and programs it already has.
In our view, Buncombe County has built a strong foundation for preventing displacement. The opportunity now is to build on that foundation by strengthening how displacement considerations inform significant County decisions and continuous learning over time.
Our special report summarizes Buncombe County’s perspective in its own words, identifies the many areas where we found common ground, and explains why we believe this evolution represents the natural next step in implementing the County’s long-term vision.
(You can read our older reports on this issue here.)
Things to do: This week, we are inviting County leaders to respond directly to this report, so we are not suggesting any action as we await that response. To read the full special report, click here.
REPORT BACK STATUS
Unresolved
Report Back
Coming Soon!
Public land should create the greatest possible public benefit
QUESTIONABLE
Summary (Updated 6/29/26): City Council approved the Oak Hill affordable homeownership proposal while directing staff to continue exploring ways to reach households with even lower incomes. Read more in the Report Back below.
Summary (Original): Council will consider a proposal to use city-owned land and public housing funds to create 42 affordable homeownership units at Oak Hill. We view the proposal as a promising use of public land but believe Council should receive a clear public explanation of what options were considered to serve lower-income households and why the proposed affordability mix represents the best achievable outcome.
The Facts: The City is proposing to sell approximately 3.7 acres of city-owned land at 29 Oak Hill Drive to a development partnership for $1 and provide a $1.6 million construction loan to support development of 42 townhomes for affordable homeownership.
Under the proposal, 10 homes would be affordable to households earning up to 80% of Area Median Income (AMI), 10 homes would be affordable to households earning up to 100% AMI, and 22 homes would be affordable to households earning up to 110% AMI. The project would include deed restrictions designed to preserve affordability for 20 years, along with down-payment assistance for qualifying buyers.
The Housing and Community Development Committee recently discussed whether some units could be made affordable to households earning 60% of AMI or below. Staff have indicated they are exploring options and will provide additional information to Council.
You can see the staff report on this issue here and the presentation slides here.
Our Assessment: Overall, this proposal deserves support.
The project is notable because it focuses on ownership rather than rental housing. Homeownership remains one of the most important pathways to long-term housing stability and wealth building, yet it has become increasingly inaccessible for many Asheville residents. Creating opportunities for moderate-income households to purchase homes can help keep working families in the community.
At the same time, this proposal involves both publicly owned land and public financing. Whenever public resources are used, residents have a legitimate interest in understanding how affordability decisions were made and who ultimately benefits.
The Housing and Community Development Committee recently asked whether some units could be made affordable to households earning 60% of AMI or below. We know from previous studies, like the one done by Thrive Asheville, that “affordable housing” that targets 80% AMI and above actually increases racial disparities in housing access. With that in mind, the public deserves a clear answer. Before approving the agreement, Council should receive a transparent explanation of what options were considered, what additional resources would be required to reach lower-income households, and why those options were or were not included in the final proposal.
This is not an argument that the project should be rejected. It is an argument that public investments should be accompanied by public accountability. If the proposed affordability mix is the best achievable outcome, residents deserve to understand why. If additional affordability is possible, residents deserve to know that as well.
Things to do: No action needed at this time. Last week, we encouraged you to contact City Council and ask them to publicly explain what options were considered to serve households at lower income levels and why the proposed affordability mix represents the best use of public land and public housing dollars.
REPORT BACK STATUS
Resolved (for now)
Report Back
Council approved the proposed Oak Hill development, which will create 42 permanently affordable townhomes through a partnership between the City and a private developer. The questions we asked last week were not addressed, but this project will come back to City Council as it progresses.
The project combines city-owned land, construction financing, and down payment assistance to make homeownership possible for households earning approximately 80% to 110% of area median income.
Several council members praised the project’s innovative financing model while also encouraging staff to continue exploring ways to make future phases affordable to households with even lower incomes. While the financing package has now been approved, the project itself is not yet entitled for construction. It must still complete the City’s conditional zoning process, giving the Planning & Zoning Commission, City Council, and the public another opportunity to review the site’s design, transportation impacts, and other development details before final approval. We anticipate that there will be future opportunities to advocate for improvements to this project, and will keep you informed.
Total GAP Supporter Actions Taken: 10
Recipients and Responses:
Asheville City Council
- Mayor Esther Manheimer: No response
- Vice Mayor Antanette Mosley: No response
- City Council Member Bo Hess: Responded “Thanks for sharing!”
- City Council Member Kim Roney: No response
- City Council Member Maggie Ullman: No response
- City Council Member Sage Turner: No response
- City Council Member Sheneika Smith: No response
The City’s anti-displacement work is beginning to take shape
POSITIVE
Summary (Updated 6/29/26): The Asheville City Council received the first presentation on staff’s emerging anti-displacement analysis framework at their Policy, Infrastructure, and Environment Committee meeting on June 23rd, 2026. The discussion focused primarily on how to develop the tool, with broad support for continuing the work. Read more in the Report Back below.
Summary (Original): At this week’s Policy, Finance and Infrastructure meeting, the City will provide its most detailed public update yet on the Anti-Displacement and Affordable Housing Project, including progress on a displacement risk assessment tool, an anticipated anti-displacement resolution, housing policy reforms, and displacement mitigation strategies. We view these developments as encouraging while emphasizing the importance of implementation and accountability.
The Facts: Here are some of the elements in the presentation on this project:
- The project goal is to pair housing production with anti-displacement protections
- An anti-displacement resolution is expected in July
- A displacement risk tool is under development (GAPavl is a collaborator on this project)
- The Legacy Neighborhood Coalition are now recognized as “required stakeholders in Communication and Engagement Plans associated with land use policy actions, housing, and proximate capital projects”
You can see the full presentation here.
Our Assessment: Over the past six months, the Legacy Neighborhood Coalition (joined by GAPavl and other local organizations) has advanced the notion that Asheville needs a more systematic way to identify displacement risks, evaluate the impacts of major decisions, and connect those findings to meaningful mitigation measures.
This presentation confirms that the City is moving in that direction.
Particularly encouraging is the City’s commitment to developing a public displacement risk assessment tool and integrating anti-displacement considerations into broader housing policy discussions.
At the same time, important questions remain. How will risk be measured? Which projects will be evaluated? What mitigation strategies will be required? How will results be reported publicly? And how much influence will the tool ultimately have on City decisions?
Those questions will determine whether this effort becomes a meaningful accountability framework or simply another planning exercise.
Things to do: No action is needed at this time.
REPORT BACK STATUS
Resolved Positively
Report Back
Staff presented the initial structure of the anti-displacement analysis framework now under development. The presentation outlined how the City intends to identify projects that may increase displacement risk and evaluate possible mitigation measures before decisions are made.
Committee discussion was generally supportive and centered on refining the framework rather than questioning the need for it. Council members emphasized continuing to develop the tool as part of broader planning efforts. While the presentation represents meaningful progress, many important implementation questions – including how the framework will influence final decisions and how community members will participate in evaluating its effectiveness – remain to be addressed.
The City is taking time to understand data center impacts before moving forward
POSITIVE
Summary (Updated 6/29/26): City Council unanimously approved a one-year data center moratorium (agreeing not to build new data centers, which can have negative impact on the communities in which they are built), giving staff time to develop informed regulations that would mitigate their impact before any proposals move forward. Read more in the Report Back below.
Summary (Original): Council will consider a one-year moratorium on new data centers while staff study their impacts and develop regulations. We view this as a prudent and responsible approach.
The Facts: Asheville’s development regulations currently do not specifically define or regulate data centers. City staff have expressed concerns about the potential impacts of data centers on electrical infrastructure, water systems, neighboring properties, noise, and heat generation.
The proposed moratorium would temporarily pause approval of new data center development while staff research best practices, engage stakeholders, and develop recommendations for future regulation.
You can see the staff report on this issue here and the presentation slides here.
Our Assessment: The proposal reflects a common-sense principle: major decisions should be informed by adequate information.
Rather than allowing a new land use to proceed under unclear regulations, the City is proposing to study the issue, engage the public, and develop a framework for evaluating future proposals. That approach reduces uncertainty for residents, staff, and developers alike.
Things to do: No action is needed at this time.
REPORT BACK STATUS
Resolved Positively
Report Back
Council voted unanimously to adopt a one-year moratorium on new data center development. Staff emphasized that no projects are currently pending, but argued that the City needs time to establish definitions, study impacts, and develop land-use regulations before considering future proposals to build new data centers.
During discussion, council members highlighted concerns about the impact of data centers, including electricity demand, water use, neighborhood compatibility, and long-term costs to residents. Several also emphasized that the moratorium is intended to create an informed regulatory framework to mitigate impacts, not simply delay decisions regarding the building of data centers indefinitely.
Additional housing on vacant land can be part of the solution
POSITIVE
Summary (Updated 6/29/26): City Council unanimously approved the Deaverview Road rezoning, allowing somewhat higher-density housing on a vacant parcel consistent with the City’s comprehensive plan. Read more in the Report Back below.
Summary (Original): Council will consider a rezoning on Deaverview Road that would allow additional residential density on a vacant parcel. We support this proposal.
The Facts: The proposal would rezone a vacant property on Deaverview Road from RM-8 to RM-16, allowing higher-density residential development. City staff argue that the proposal is consistent with the Comprehensive Plan and would support the City’s housing goals by allowing additional residential units.
The property is currently vacant and no existing residents would be displaced by the rezoning itself.
You can see the staff report on this issue here and the presentation slides here.
Our Assessment: Asheville needs additional housing, and vacant sites are often among the most appropriate locations for increasing supply.
While every development proposal deserves careful review, this project appears fundamentally different from situations where housing construction directly displaces existing residents or businesses. The fact that the property is currently vacant reduces many of the concerns that arise in other development debates.
At the same time, housing decisions should not be evaluated solely on the number of units created. The anti-displacement analysis framework currently being developed by the City and GAP and other community partners should help provide a more complete understanding of how projects affect surrounding neighborhoods and residents over time.
Things to do: No action is needed at this time.
REPORT BACK STATUS
Resolved Positively
Report Back
City Council unanimously approved the rezoning of a vacant parcel on Deaverview Road from RM-8 to RM-16, allowing somewhat higher-density residential development if the property is developed in the future. Because this was a straight rezoning request rather than a specific development proposal, no site plan was approved. Any future development would still have to undergo the City’s normal site plan review process before construction could begin.
As we noted last week, proposals like this can help expand Asheville’s housing supply without redeveloping existing homes or displacing current residents. While every proposal deserves careful review, modest increases in housing opportunities on vacant land are generally among the lower-risk ways to add new housing, particularly when they are consistent with the City’s comprehensive plan and the surrounding neighborhood.
Asheville should support both affordable housing construction and home repair
QUESTIONABLE
Summary (Updated 6/29/26): City Council approved the amended CDBG-DR funding plan (with the transfer of $19.2 million from building new affordable housing and infrastructure to rehabilitation/reconstruction of existing housing) with a 6-1 vote, with Council Member Hess casting the lone dissenting vote. Read more in the Report Back below.
Summary (Original 6/8/26): Asheville should help storm-impacted homeowners remain housed, but City Council should delay or reject the proposed $19.2 million transfer to Renew NC unless it can demonstrate that the program is transparent, effective, and the best available strategy for helping the greatest number of families remain housed.
(See our earlier reports on this issue here.)
The Facts (updated 6/15/26): Last week City Council held the required public hearing on the proposed amendment but did not vote. A final vote is currently scheduled for June 23.
During the hearing, City staff provided several new details about the Renew NC program. Staff explained that homes with estimated repair costs above $100,000 are automatically moved from rehabilitation into full reconstruction. Staff also explained that project costs frequently include disaster repairs, code compliance upgrades, health and safety corrections, lead paint remediation, and mitigation measures intended to reduce future disaster risk. The proposed shift of $19.2 million would serve an estimated 53 households, for a total of 60 overall.
The Facts (original): On Tuesday, June 9th, City Council will hold a public hearing on a proposed amendment to Asheville’s CDBG-DR Action Plan that would transfer $19.2 million into the State-administered Renew NC single-family rehabilitation and reconstruction program. In addition to hearing from residents at the meeting, the official federally-mandated public comment period concludes on June 14th.
The proposal would:
- Transfer $9.2 million from the Affordable Multifamily Housing Construction Program.
- Transfer $10 million from Infrastructure funding.
- Increase the Renew NC allocation from $3 million to $22.2 million.
Staff estimate that the current $3 million allocation will serve approximately eight households and that the expanded program would serve roughly 53 additional households, for a total of approximately 60 households served. (Careful readers will note that 8+53 should equal 61, but we presume there are fractions involved and that’s why the total is 60.)
At the Housing Recovery Board meeting last week, Board members raised concerns about the cost of the Renew NC program, the lack of transparency and local oversight, the $100,000 repair threshold that triggers full reconstruction, and the ongoing shortage of affordable rental housing following Helene. After discussion, the board voted 6-4 to recommend against reallocating funds from multifamily housing to Renew NC.
You can see the presentation slides that will be shared at the meeting here and the staff report here.
Our Assessment (updated 6/15/26): The central question is not whether the homeowners served by Renew NC deserve assistance. They do. The central question is whether this is the most effective way to provide that assistance.
The proposed amendment would move $19.2 million into a program expected to serve approximately 53 additional households. That is a significant investment of limited recovery dollars. Before making that investment, City Council should be able to answer a simple question: Is this the best available way to help these families?
The City has identified approximately 108 low-income households as priority candidates for assistance through Renew NC. Yet even if this amendment is approved, staff estimate that only about 60 households will ultimately be served. In other words, nearly half of the currently identified low-income priority households would still remain without assistance. Before spending an additional $19.2 million, Council should have enough information to determine whether this is the most effective way to help these families and whether alternative approaches could stretch limited recovery dollars further.
At present, neither Council nor the public has enough information to know.
We do not know how repair costs compare to pre-disaster home values. We do not know how many homes could potentially be repaired through less expensive approaches. We do not know whether alternative locally administered programs could help some households at lower cost. We do not know whether the projected cost of serving these households is inherent to the level of damage involved or a consequence of the particular structure of the Renew NC program.
Asheville faces multiple housing challenges simultaneously. Homeowners need assistance repairing damaged homes. Renters need affordable places to live. Families continue to face displacement pressures. Recovery dollars should be used in ways that maximize housing stability across the community.
That does not mean every dollar should go to affordable housing. It does mean that when the City proposes shifting $19.2 million away from other recovery priorities, the burden of proof should be high.
We are not asking City Council to reject homeowner assistance. We are asking Council to insist on enough information to determine whether this investment is the most effective way to help these homeowners and whether other approaches could allow Asheville to help more families with the same limited resources.
That is why we continue to call for the release by Renew NC of anonymized property-level data showing estimated repair costs and pre-disaster home values. Without that information, neither elected officials nor the public can meaningfully evaluate whether this proposal represents the best path forward.
Our Assessment (original): The debate is being framed as a choice between helping homeowners and building affordable housing. We believe that framing is too narrow. City staff are already preparing a separate home repair policy and bond-funded repair program for Council consideration this summer, demonstrating that Asheville has multiple tools available to support homeowners. The question is not whether homeowners deserve help; it is whether reducing affordable housing investments is the best way to provide that help.
Hurricane Helene harmed homeowners and renters alike. Homes were damaged and destroyed. Rental units were lost. Housing costs increased. Homelessness increased. Families across Asheville continue to face displacement pressures and some remain in transitional housing, some 20 months after the storm.
The City’s responsibility is not to decide whose housing needs matter more. It is to use limited recovery dollars in ways that prevent displacement and help as many affected households as possible remain housed.
The current proposal would move funding away from a housing strategy expected to serve hundreds of households and into a program expected to serve approximately 60 households. That does not mean the proposal is wrong. It does mean the burden of proof should be high.
At present, the public has not received sufficient information about Renew NC’s administrative costs, contractor costs, project timelines, repair-versus-reconstruction outcomes, or how many applicants will remain unserved even after the proposed funding increase. Council members and staff have also acknowledged that the City does not have full visibility into all of the data being collected by the State, limiting Asheville’s ability to independently evaluate outcomes and unmet needs. This was one of the key concerns raised by the Housing Recovery Board, which ultimately voted against this amendment.
Most importantly, the City has not demonstrated that Renew NC is the most effective available strategy for preserving storm-damaged homes. Before reducing affordable housing investments, Council should be confident that the alternative investment will produce the greatest possible public benefit. The proposed amendment should be delayed or rejected unless Renew NC and City staff can provide:
- Detailed reporting on administrative and contractor costs.
- Data on repair versus reconstruction projects.
- Average project costs and timelines.
- A breakdown of the factors driving program costs.
- Estimates of unmet homeowner need after the proposed investment.
- A clear explanation of how Renew NC fits alongside upcoming locally funded home repair and anti-displacement strategies.
If Renew NC can demonstrate that it is the most effective available strategy for preserving homeownership and preventing displacement, additional investment may be justified.
If it cannot, Asheville should explore partnerships with local contractors and locally administered repair programs that may preserve more homes, help more families, strengthen local economic recovery, and provide stronger public oversight.
Things to do (revised 6/16/26): Contact City Council using our new email template and urge members to delay approval of the amendment until the City obtains and publicly releases sufficient information to evaluate whether the proposed reallocation represents the most effective use of recovery funds.
REPORT BACK STATUS
Resolved Negatively
Report Back
Report Back (6/29/26): Council approved the amended CDBG-DR Action Plan reallocating $19.2 million toward the single-family home repair program. Staff argued the change would allow an estimated 55–65 additional homeowners to receive assistance while preserving funding for three affordable housing developments already approved earlier this year.
The discussion acknowledged concerns raised during public comment and by the Housing Recovery Board regarding the reduction in affordable housing funding and continued questions about the State’s Renew NC program. Council Member Bo Hess voted against the amendment, while the remaining six members supported it.
Updated 6/15/26: See updates above under “The Facts” and “Our Assessment” for a rundown of what we learned at last week’s City Council meeting.
Updated 6/8/26: Last week, community members responded to our initial call to action around the proposed CDBG-DR amendment that would shift $9.2 million from affordable multifamily housing to the Renew NC homeowner recovery program. At its June 3 meeting, the Housing Recovery Board held an extensive discussion about the tradeoffs between preserving affordable rental housing and funding single-family home reconstruction. As we shared above: Board members raised concerns about the cost of the Renew NC program, the lack of transparency and local oversight, the $100,000 repair threshold that triggers full reconstruction, and the ongoing shortage of affordable rental housing following Helene. After discussion, the board voted 6-4 to recommend against reallocating funds from multifamily housing to Renew NC. The board also unanimously approved a separate motion urging the City to pursue all available avenues to secure access to state CDBG-DR housing funds for eligible Asheville households. Public comments echoed many of the same themes, emphasizing the need to support both homeowners and renters while preserving long-term affordable housing opportunities.
Total GAP Supporter Actions Taken: 34
Recipients and Responses:
Asheville City Council
- Mayor Esther Manheimer: No response
- Vice Mayor Antanette Mosley: No response
- City Council Member Bo Hess: No response
- City Council Member Kim Roney: No response
- City Council Member Maggie Ullman: No response
- City Council Member Sage Turner: No response
- City Council Member Sheneika Smith: No response
PREVIOUS REPORTS
GAP Report for 6/22/26
Public land should create the greatest possible public benefit (new) Overall, we view this as a promising proposal and an example of the City using public resources to address the housing crisis. At the same time, important questions remain about whether the project’s...
GAP Report for 6/15/26
0 Items Buncombe County still won’t answer questions about displacement (new) Asheville should support both affordable housing construction and home repair (updated with new template) o Items Asheville should complete its affordable housing recovery investments...
GAP Report for 6/8/26
0 Items Asheville should support both affordable housing construction and home repair (still time to act) 0 Items Asheville should complete its affordable housing recovery investments (approved!) Buncombe County’s housing investments need an anti-displacement strategy...
GAP Report for 6/1/26
0 Items Buncombe County’s housing investments need an anti-displacement strategy (new) Asheville should support both affordable housing construction and home repair (new) 0 Items Asheville should shift public safety funding toward prevention and community stability...
GAP Report for 5/25/26
0 Items Asheville should shift public safety funding toward prevention and community stability instead of continued expansion of expensive reactive policing systems (new) 0 Items 0 Items Buncombe County’s proposed revitalization initiatives and FY2027 budget lack...
